Gender Empowerment measures

Gender Empowerment Measures
The Gender Empowerment Measure (GEM) is a measure of inequalities between men's and women's opportunities in a country. It combines inequalities in three areas: political participation and decision making, economic participation and decision making, and power over economic resources. It is one of the five indicators used by the United Nations Development Programme in its annual Human Development Report.
Methodology
Calculating the GEM involves several steps. Firstly percentages for females and males are calculated in each of three areas.
The first area is the number of parliamentary seats held.
The second area is measured by two sub-components:
a) legislators, senior officials, and managers, and
b) professional and technical positions.
The third area is measured by the estimated earned income (at purchasing power parity US$).